Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Rule on AI Use by Reviewers

Reviewers must keep all manuscripts strictly confidential and must not upload any part of a submission to generative AI tools. AI tools must not be used to evaluate, interpret, or judge manuscript quality, novelty, or significance. Peer review must rely entirely on the reviewer’s independent scholarly judgment. Reviewers remain fully responsible for the content, fairness, and accuracy of their reviews.

Rule on AI Use by Authors

Authors are fully responsible for the integrity, originality, and accuracy of their manuscripts. Generative AI must not be used to fabricate data, citations, references, or research findings. AI tools may not be listed as authors or co-authors, as authorship requires human accountability and intellectual contribution.

Authors must ensure that no confidential, sensitive, or copyrighted material is entered into external AI systems without appropriate permission. All submitted work must reflect the authors’ original scholarly contribution, and authors remain accountable for the accuracy, transparency, and ethical integrity of their research.