Biogenic Amine Determination by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Using a Sol Gel Immobilized 2 Hydroxy 5 nitrobenzaldehyde 2,4 dinitro phenyl hydrazone Solid Phase Extractant
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31643/2028/6445.05Keywords:
HPLC, SPE, extraction, Bas, Sol-Gel.Abstract
This study focuses on the solid phase extraction of biogenic amines (BAs) using a sol-gel adsorbent immobilized with a hydrazone ligand, named 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone. The hydrazone compound was synthesized and characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The efficiency of the sorbent material for extracting BAs was evaluated using the solid phase extraction (SPE) method. Key experimental parameters affecting BA extraction, including pH, equilibrium time, ligand concentration, and biogenic amine (BA) concentration, were systematically investigated. The results indicated a strong recovery of BAs from aqueous samples, demonstrating a significant affinity between the sol-gel matrix containing the hydrazone ligand and the target analytes. The findings demonstrate that incorporating the hydrazone ligand resulted in a marked enhancement of extraction efficiency at a concentation of 17 × 10-3 M. Notably, the method exhibited high selectivity for aliphatic biogenic amines such as putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), and spermidine (SPD). This extraction method was successfully applied to food samples, yielding good recovery rates.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Abdassalam Abdelhafiz Tameem, Salam Salhin Mohamed, Afiyah Alnaas, Eny Kusrini
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