Study of the effect of plasticizers and thermoplastics on the mechanical properties of epoxy and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (Review)

L.M. Mustafa; M.B. Ismailov; A.M. Yermakhanova; A.F. Sanin

doi:10.31643/2019/6445.37

Authors

L.M. Mustafa National Centre for space research and technology” JSC
M.B. Ismailov National Centre for space research and technology JSC
A.M. Yermakhanova “National Centre for space research and technology” JSC
A.F. Sanin Dnipro National University» named after Oles Honchar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31643/2019/6445.37

Keywords:

epoxy resin, modifiers, plasticizers, thermoplastics, heat treatment, impact strength, strength.

Abstract

Increasing strength of epoxide resin (ER) and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is an aim up-to-date for many machinery sections: space, aviation, defense, automotive, and others. The aim is achieved via numerous methods of ER and carbon fiber reinforced plastic modifications. ER modifications is carried through injection of various chemical compounds. One of efficient modifications assumes introduction of plasticizers (tricresyl phosphate, oleic acid) or thermoplastics (polysulfone, polycarbonate, polystyrene, high impact polystyrene). The article contains experimental data of various types of modifiers influence on strength of ER and CFRP available in literature. The mechanism of modifying ER and CFRP with plasticizers and thermoplastics were analyzed. The introduction of plasticizers as ER modifiers leads to a twofold improvement in impact strength. The optimal input of plasticizers in ER is 15% and depends on the completeness of solubility in the binder, a further increase in the input of plasticizer leads to a decrease in the strength of the material. Modification of thermoplastics with CFRP can lead to an improvement in compression strength by 20% and impact strength by 2 times. With the introduction of thermoplastics over 20% in CFRP, strength indicators are reduced. The acquired data is necessary to elaborate domestic technology for production of high-impact CFRP.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

L.M. Mustafa, National Centre for space research and technology” JSC

Ph.D. student, Senior Researcher of “National Centre for space research and technology” JSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan.

M.B. Ismailov, National Centre for space research and technology JSC

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Director of the Department of Space Materials Science and Instrumentation of “National Centre for space research and technology” JSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan.

A.M. Yermakhanova, “National Centre for space research and technology” JSC

A.M.Yermakhanova – Ph.D., Junior Researcher of “National Centre for space research and technology” JSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan.

A.F. Sanin, Dnipro National University» named after Oles Honchar

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Aircraft Production Technologies of «Dnipro National University» named after Oles Honchar, Dnipro, Ukraine.

References

Fitcer E. Uglerodnye volokna i uglekompozity (Carbon fibers and carbon composites). M.:Mir, 1988. 336. (in Russ.).

Yermakhanova A.M., Ismailov M.B. Carbon nanoparticles influence on mechanical properties of epoxide resin and carbon composite // Review. Complex use of Mineral Resources, –Almaty, – 2016 –No4. –P. 63-73. https://doi.org/10.31643/2018/166445

YUdin V.A., Ivlev V.I., Fomin N.E., Sigachev A.F. Mekhanicheskie ispytaniya ugleplastika s epoksidnoj matricej (Mechanical tests of carbon fiber with an epoxy matrix) / Materials Physics and Mechanics. 30, (2017). 53-60. (in Russ.).

Plastifikatory / Himicheskaya enciklopediya (Plasticizers / Chemical Encyclopedia) [Elektronnyj resurs] –URL: http://www.xumuk.ru/encyklopedia/2/3395.html (accessed date 25.08.2019). (in Russ.).

Termoplasty / novye himicheskie tekhnologij (Thermoplastics / New Chemical Technologies) [Elektronnyj resurs] - URL.- http://www.xumuk.ru/encyklopedia/2/3395.html (accessed date 26.08.2019). (in Russ.).

Alent'ev A.YU., YAblokova M.YU. Svyazuyushchie dlya polimernyh kompozicionnyh materialov (Binders for polymer composite materials) / Uchebnoe posobie dlya studentov po special'nosti «Kompozicionnye nanomaterialy». Moskva, 2010. 69. (in Russ.).

Trikrezilfosfat (Tricresyl phosphate). – URL:http://kurskhimprom.ru/catalog/lkm-syre/trikrezilfosfat(accessed date 26.08.2019). (in Russ.).

Oleinovaya kislota (Oleic acid) - URL: https://ru.wikipedia.org(accessed date 26.08.2019). (in Russ.).

Mostovoj A.S. Razrabotka sostavov, tekhnologii i opredelenie svojstv mikro i nanonapolnennyh epoksidnyh kompozitov funkcional'nogo naznacheniya (Development of compositions, technologies and determination of the properties of micro and nanofilled epoxy composites for functional purposes). Saratov. 2014, - 149. (in Russ.).

Eremeeva N.M., Nikiforov A.V. Issledovanie svojstv epoksidnyh kompozicij na osnove modificirovannyh cellyulozosoderzhashchih materialov (Study of the properties of epoxy compositions based on modified cellulose-containing materials). ZHurnal «Molodoj uchenyj», Moskva, No24.1, 2015. 20-23. (in Russ.).

Mostovoj A.S. Plakunova E.V. Razrabotka ognestojkih epoksidnyh kompozicij i issledovanie ih struktury i svojstv (Development of flame retardant epoxy compositions and study of their structure and properties). Perspektivnye materialy, No1, 2014, 37-43. (in Russ.).

Triethyl phosphate. Eastman Chemical Company Corporate Journal. GN-330D, pp 1-12. ( in Eng.)

Vasanthakumari R. Flame retardant fibre reinforced polyester formulation for roofing application. Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures. India, 2007, pp 637-643. ( in Eng.)

Mostovoj A.S. Receptura modifikaciya epoksidnyh smol s primeneniem novyh vysokoeffektivnyh plastifikatorov (Recipe modification of epoxy resins using new highly effective plasticizers). Modern high technologies. No7, 2015, 66-70. (in Russ.).

Zhi Wang, Jiajia Zhou. Experimental study of low cycle fatigue properties for epoxy resin with dibutyl phthalate. Archives of civil engineering. Vol. LXIV, 2018, 147-159. ( in Eng.)

Marahovskij K.M., Osipchik V.S. Modifikaciya epoksidnogo svyazuyushchego s povyshennymi harakteristikami dlya polucheniya kompozicionnyh materialov (High Performance Epoxy Binder Modification for Composite Materials). Uspekhi v himii i himicheskoj tekhnologii. Tom HKHX. - 2016. - No10. – 56-58. (in Russ.).

Sopotov R. I. Svyazuyushchie dlya kompozicionnyh materialov na osnove epoksidnogo oligomera, modificirovannogo smesyami termoplastov (Binders for composite materials based on epoxy oligomer modified with mixtures of thermoplastics). Dissertaciya na soiskanie uchenoj stepeni kandidata tekhnicheskih nauk. - 2016. – 190. (in Russ.).

Nozdrina L.V., Korotkova V.I., Bejder E.YA. Termoplastichnye polimery dlya konstrukcionnyh kompozicionnyh materialov (obzor) (Thermoplastic polymers for structural composite materials (overview) / VIAM, Moskva, Iyul' 1990. (in Russ.).

Sopotov R.I., Gorbunova I.YU., Onuchin D.V., Kostenko V.A., Korotova A.I., Bornosuz N.V. Vliyanie modifikatorov polisul'fona i poliefirsul'fona na termomekhanicheskie svojstva epoksiaminnogo svyazuyushchego (Effect of polysulfone and polyethersulfone modifiers on thermomechanical properties of epoxyamine binder) / Uspekhi v himii i himicheskoj tekhnologii. TOM XXIX. 2015.No 10. (in Russ.).

McGrail P.T., Jenkins S.D. Some aspects of interlaminar toughening: reactively terminated thermoplastic particles in thermoset composites // Polymer. –1993. 34. 677-683. ( in Eng.)

Seunghan Shin, Jyongsik Jang. The effect of thermoplastic coating on the mechanical properties of woven fabric carbon-epoxy composites // Journal of Materials and Science. –2000. 35. 2047-2054. ( in Eng.)

Pisanova E.V., Zhandarov S.F., Yurkevich O.R. Epoxy-Polysulfone Networks as Advanced Matrices for Composite Materials // The Journal of Adhesion. –1997. 64. 111-129. ( in Eng.)

Woo E.M. and Mao K.L. Interlaminar morphology effects on fracture resistance of amorphous polymer -modified epoxy/carbon fibre composites // Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. –1996. 27. 625–631. ( in Eng.)

Kuperman A.M., ZelenskijE.S., KerberM.L. Stekloplastiki na osnove matric, sovmeshchayushchih termo- i reaktoplasty (Fiberglass-based matrices combining thermo- and thermosetting plastics) // Mekhanika kompozitnyh materialov. –1996.32, No1. 111–117. (in Russ.).

Petrova G.N., Bejder E.YA., CHebotarev V.P., Lovkov S.S., Sazikov V.I. Regulirovanie svojstv polisul'fona za schet modifikacii (Regulation of polysulfone properties through modification) / VIAM, Moskva, No12. 2010. (in Russ.).

Kenzhaliyev B. K. Innovative technologies providing enhancement of nonferrous, precious, rare and rare earth metals extraction // Kompleksnoe Ispol’zovanie Mineral’nogo Syr’a (Complex Use of Mineral Resources). –2019. –No3 (310). -Page: 64-75 (In Eng.). https://doi.org/.10.31643/2019/6445.30

Yermakhanova A. M., Ismailov M. B. Vliyaniye uglerodnykh nanotrubok na protsess otverzhdeniya i prochnost' epoksidnoy smoly. // Kompleksnoe Ispol’zovanie Mineral’nogo Syr’a. –2018. –No4. – P. 105-114 (In Eng.). https://doi.org/10.31643/2018/6445.36