The modified red mud reduction smelting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31643/2018/6445.12Keywords:
high-iron bauxite, red mud, ferruginous hydrogarnete, reduction melting, cast iron, slag, rare earth elements, titanium dioxide.Abstract
The article presents the results of investigations of complex processing of red mud obtained from high-alumina bauxites of alumina production by the smelting reduction method. Red mud is a production waste that contains useful components and can used as a complex raw material for the production of pig iron, rare earth element (REE) concentrates and titanium dioxide. Known methods of red mud processing by the smelting reduction method have not found application because of the impossibility of obtaining slag with low iron content. The urgency of the problem solved by the research is in the need of ways for red mud recycling. As a result, a method for processing the modified red mud by the smelting reduction was developed to produce cast iron and an oxide-free slag containing rare earth elements and titanium dioxide. The method consists in the preliminary treatment of red mud in a high-modulus alkaline solution at a temperature of 240-260 ° C with the addition of calcium oxide to the pulp from the calculation for obtaining a modified red mud – a hydrogarnete slurry those main compound is the ferrous garnet-3CaO ∙ Fe2O3 ∙ 2SiO2 ∙ 2H2O. Reducing melting of the hydrogarnete slurry has made it possible to produce cast iron, and after magnetic separation – a nonmagnetic slag fraction containing 0.22 % of iron, which determines the possibility of obtaining high-quality REE concentrates and titanium dioxide in hydrometallurgical processing. The extraction of iron into cast iron is 88.0 %, into the magnetic fraction – 11.9 %, into the non-magnetic fraction – 0.1 %. The extraction of titanium into the magnetic fraction was 34.3 %, and in the nonmagnetic fraction was 65.7 %. The recovery of REE into the nonmagnetic fraction was 65.7 %.
Downloads
References
Smirnov S. Redkie metally i zemli dayut gorno- metallurgicheskomu compleksu redkij shans. Redaktsionnyj obzor (Rare metals and earths give the mining and metallurgical complex a rare chance. Editorial review). Mezhdunarod. delovoj zhurn. Kazakhstan. = International business journal Kazakhstan. 2011. 3, 56-59. (in Russ.)
Kirpalʹ G.R. Mestorozhdeniya boksitov Kazakhstana (Deposits of bauxite of Kazakhstan. S. Toraigyrov’s PSUniversity) Moscow: Nedra. 1976. 205. (in Russ.)
Akcil A., Akhmadiyeva N., Abdulvaliyev R., Meshram A., Meshram P. Overview on extraction and separation of rare earth elements from red mud: focus on scandium. Mineral Processing and Extractive metallurgy review. 2018. 39, 3. Р. 145-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2017.1288116
Borisoglebskij Yu.V., Galevskij G.V., Kulagin N.M. Metallurgiya alyuminiya. (Metallurgy of aluminum). Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1999. 438. (in Russ.).
Lajner A.I. Proizvodstvo glinozema. (Alumina production). Moscow: Metallurgy. 1978. 341. (in Russ.)
Akhmadiyeva N.K., Abdulvaliyev R.A., Akchil A., Gladyshev S.V., Kul'deyev Ye.I. Krasnyj shlam glinozemnogo proizvodstva kak potentsial'nyj istochnik dlya polucheniya redkozemel'nykh ehlementov. Obzor (Red mud of alumina production as a potential source for obtaining rare-earth elements. Review.). Kompleksnoye ispol'zovaniye mineral'nogo syr'ya = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2016. 4, 98-104. (in Russ.)
Pat. 30113 RK. Sposob pererabotki nizkokachestvennykh zhelezistykh boksitov po Bajer- gidrogranatovoj tekhnologij (Method for processing low- quality ferruginous bauxites according to Bayer-hydrogarnate technology) Bekturganov N.S., Myltykbayeva L.A., Abisheva Z.S., Abdulvaliyev R.A., Tastanov Ye.A., Gladyshev S.V.; publ. 15.08.2016. 9. (in Russ.)
Wang W., Pranolo Y., Cheng C.Y. Recovery of scandium from synthetic red mud leach solutions by solvent extraction with D2EHPA. Separation and purification technology. 2013. 108, 96-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.02.001
Panagiotis D., Efthymios B., Dimitrios P., Ioannis P. Selective leaching of rare earth elements from bauxite residue (red mud), using a functionalized hydrophobic ionic liquid. Hydrometallurgy. 2016. 164. 125-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.06.012
Yang X., Zhang J., Fang X. Rare earth elements recycling from waste nickel-metal hydride batteries. Journal of Hazardous materials. 2014. 279, 384-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.027
Anisonyan K. G., Kopyev D. Yu., Goncharov K. V., Sadykhov G. B. An investigation of a single-stage red mud reducing roasting process with the cast iron and aluminate slag production. Non-ferrous Metals. 2018. 1. 26–31. https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2018.01.04
Borra C.R., Blanpain B., Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Gerven T.V. Recovery of Rare Earths and Other Valuable Metals From Bauxite Residue (Red Mud). Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy. 2016 .2 (4). 365-386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-016-0068-2
Andrew P. Abbott, Gero Frisch, Jennifer Hartley, Karl S. Ryder. Processing of metals and metal oxides using ionic liquids. Green Chemistry. 2011. 13(3), 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0gc00716a
Tian, G.-c., J. Li, Y.-x. Hua. Application of ionic liquids in hydrometallurgy of nonferrous metals. Transactions of Non-ferrous Metals Society of China. 2010. 20(3), 513–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(09)60171-0
Liu Y., Naidu R. Hidden values in bauxite residue (red mud): Recovery of metals. Waste Management. 2014. 34(12), 2662–2673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.09.003
Lambrini V.T., Ochsenkuhn-Petropoulou M. Th., Mendrinos L.N. Investigation of the separation of scandium and rare earth elements from red mud by use of reversed-phase HPLC. Analytical and Bionalytical Chemistry. 2004. 379, 796- 802. (in Eng.)
Dobosh D., Zambo YA, Vishn'ovskij L. Issledovaniya po ispol'zovaniyu krasnogo shlama Bajerovskogo protsessa dlya polucheniya zheleza i alyuminiya (Studies on the use of red mud of the Bayer process for the production of iron and aluminum). Tsvetnyye metally = Non- ferrous Metals. 1964. 2, 36-40. (in Russ.)214.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Complex use of mineral resources
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
