Silicon-carbon treatment out of inorganic impurities produced from the rice husk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31643/2019/6445.17Keywords:
rice husk, silicon-carbon, treatment from inorganic impurities.Abstract
The process of silicon-carbon produced out of the rice husk treatment with HCl solution has been investigated and elaborated to purify from aluminum and phosphorous to their contents were less than 0.1 % each. Silicon-carbon with such contents of these impurities meets the requirements to as the multifunctional material for its application in various branches of industry and agriculture. It was demonstrated that the required content of aluminum and phosphorus in silicon-carbon can be achieved by two ways. Namely, by silicon-carbon production out of the pre-treated rice husk or by purification of silica-carbon obtained out of untreated rice husk. Considering the output of silicon-carbon out of rice husk equals to 33 %, it is more reasonable to submit the minor material mass to the acid treatment that is the silicon-carbon. The silicon-carbon treatment produced out of untreated rice husk (52.3 % С, 35.9 % SiO2, 0.2 % Al and 0.12 % P) was carried out with 0.5 – 3 % hydrochloric acid solutions at the temperature of 70-80 °С. As a result of laboratory studies and pilot testing, the processing method hydrochemical treatment of silicon-carbon was elaborated. The following optimal processing parameters were recommended: hydrochloric acid concentration in aqueous solution – 1 %, 75-80 °С, and treatment time is 60 minutes. The aluminum content was at the level of 0.085 %, and phosphorus was 0.04 % in the processed silicon-carbon. The obtained silicon-carbon with low level of inorganic elements can be applied as the charging material for smelting low-aluminum ferrosilicon and pure silicon, as the filler of carbon construction materials and elastomers.
Downloads
References
Yu. Chen, Ya. Zhu, Z. Wang, Yi. Li, L. Wang, X. Gao, Yu. Ma, and Yu. Guo. Application studies of activated carbon derived from rice husks produced by chemical-thermal process.Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 2011.163.39-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2011.01.006(in Eng).
Genieva S., Turmanova S., Dimitrov A., Petkov P., Vlaev L. Thermal degradation of rice husks on a pilot plant utilization of the products as adsorbents for oil spill cleanup.Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.2012. 110(1). 111-118.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2282-х(in Eng).
Lattuada R. M., Peralba M. C. R., Dos Santos J. H. Z., Fisch A. G. Peat, Rice Husk and Rice Husk Carbonas Low-Cost Adsorbents for Metals from Acidic AqueousSolutions.Separation Science and Technology.2014.49(1).101-111.(in Eng).
Na Chun Ki. Preparation of Biosorbent using Rice Husk: Introduce Anion-sorption Functional Group by Copolymerization with GMA and Subsequent Amination.Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management. 2014. 31(7).725-733. http://dx.doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2014.31.7.725(in Eng).
Chen H., Zhao L., Wang X., He X., Fang W., Wang X., Wang F. Hybrid one-dimensional nanostructure based on biomorphic porous SiO2through in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of rice husk.Ceramics International. 2015.41(4).6089-6097.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.12.115(in Eng).
Singh S.K., Mohanty B.C., Basu S. Synthesis of SiC from rice husk in a plasma reactor.Bulletin of Materials Science. 2002.25(6).561-563. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02710551(in Eng).
Yefremova, S. V., Sukharnikov, Y. I., Sarsembayeva, N. B., Kablanbekov, A. A., Bogdanovich, N. I., Murtazayeva, D. B., & Zharmenov, A. A. (2017).Carbon and mineral feed additive produced from ricehusk. Land Reclamation in Ecological Fragile Areas,511–516. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315166582-91(inEng).
Lili Wang, YupengGuo, Yanchao Zhu et al. A New Route for Preparation of Hydrochars from Rice Husk.Bioresource Technology. 2010.102. 9807–9810.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.031(in Eng).
Si Thu Aung, So Vin Myint, Klushin V. N. Special Aspects of the Rice Husk Destruction –Mill Wastes of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar –and Its Carbonizate. Advance in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.2017. XXXI, 9.45-47. (in Eng).
Patent RK No 30784. Shchebenochno-mastichnaya asfal'tobetonnaya smes'(Stone mastic asphalt mix)Asmatulaev B.A., Asmatulaev R.B., Tursumuratov M.T., Sukharnikov Yu.I. and others. BI number 12, publ. 24.06. 2015.(in Russ.).
Sukharnikov Yu.I., Lavrukhin S.P.,Zharmenov, A.A., Savchenko, A.M. and Dzhusupov S.A. High-Strength Carbon Materials and Elastomers on the Basis ofCarbon-Silicon Nanocomposites.Journal of EnvironmentalScience and Engineering.ISSN1934-8932.2013. 1346-1355.(in Eng).
Zemnukhova L.A., Fedorishcheva G.A., Yegorov A.G., Sergiyenko V.I. Issledovaniye usloviy polucheniya sostava primesey i svoystv amorfnogo dioksida kremniya iz otkhodov proizvodstva risa(Study of the conditions for obtaining the composition of impurities and the properties of amorphous silicon dioxide from rice production waste) Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii=Journal of Applied Chemistry. 2005. 78. 2. 324-328. (in Russ.).
Saprykina L.V, Kiseleva N.V. Sostoyaniye iperspektivy termicheskoy pererabotki risovoy shelukhi(The state and prospects of thermal processing of rice husk)Khimiya drevesiny=Wood Chemistry. 1990. 6.3-7.(in Russ.).
Sergiyenko V.I. Zemnukhova L.A., Yegorov A.G.,Shkorina Ye.D., Vasilyuk N.S. Vozobnovlyayemyyeistochniki khimicheskogo syr'ya: kompleksnaya pererabotka otkhodov proizvodstva risa i grechikhi(Renewable sources of chemical raw materials: integrated processing of waste products of rice and buckwheat) Rossiyskiy Khimicheskiy zhurnal=Russian Chemical Journal.(XLVIII). 2004. 3. 28-33.(in Russ.).
Patent RK No 26641. Sposob polucheniya polikristallicheskogo kremniya iz risovoy shelukhi. / Nazarbayev N.A., Shkol'nik V.S., Zharmenov A.A., Sukharnikov YU.I., Tolymbekov M.ZH, opubl. ot 25.12. 2012 g, BI 12.(in Russ.).
Murtazayeva D.B., Yefremova S.V., Koshkarbayeva SH., Sukharnikov YU.I. Shikhtaizkremneugleroda dlya vyplavki vysokochistykh kremniyevykh splavov(Silicacarbonmixtureforsmeltinghigh-puritysiliconalloys) Promyshlennost' Kazakhstana=IndustryofKazakhstan. 2016. 6. 23-26.(in Russ.).
Zharmenov, A., Sukharnikov, Y., Yefremova, S., ... Dihanbaev, B. (2018). Rice husk thermal utilization process with the use of pyrolysis gas as energy fuel. Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ. 306(3), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.31643/2018/6445.22(in Eng).
Bernath P. F.Infrared emission spectroscopy.Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. C: Phys. Chem. 2000. 96. 177-224. https://doi.org/10.1039/b001200i(in Eng).
Sukharnikov Yu., Yefremova S., Bunchuk L.,Anarbekov K. Silicon production using alternative raw material source.Mineral Engineering. Poland. 2017.2.
Sukharnikov YU., Yefremova S., Bunchuk L., Dzhusupov S. Kremneuglerodnyye napolniteli rezinotekhnicheskikh i konstruktsionnykh uglerodnykh materialov(Silicon-carbon fillers for rubber and structural carbon materials) Promyshlennost' Kazakhstana= Industry of Kazakhstan.2017. 2(101).37-39.(in Russ.).
Zhapbasbayev U., Ramazanova G., Kenzhaliev B., Sattinova Z., Shakhov S. Applied thermal engineering. 2016, 96, Pp. 593-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.11.114(in Eng).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Sukharnikov, Y., Bunchuk, L., Anarbekov, K., & Kaplanbekov, А.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
