Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex use of mineral resources

Mathematical Model of the Dynamics of the Armament of the Tricone Drill Bit

J.B. Toshov, K.T. Sherov, B.N. Baratov, M. Rabatuly, D.I. Erkinov — Thu, 08 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study presents a mathematical model of the dynamics of tricone drill bits, which remain widely used in open-pit mining due to their reliability and versatility. Despite their extensive application, improving their efficiency and durability remains a relevant issue. The main operational challenges are identified, including insufficient knowledge of the stress–strain state of rocks in the contact zone and the effect of tooth geometry on kinematics and rock-breaking efficiency. Analytical dependencies are proposed to account for bit geometry, trajectory motion, transmission ratios, and tooth–rock interaction. Based on the principles of theoretical mechanics, performance criteria are formulated through specific contact and volumetric work of rock destruction, enabling an objective assessment of energy consumption. The model demonstrates the potential of analytical methods for optimizing drill bit design and kinematics, reducing energy consumption, increasing productivity, and extending tool life. The results can be applied in the design of next-generation drill bits and in engineering software for selecting rational drilling parameters under specific geological conditions. The proposed approach provides a foundation for further studies in mathematical modeling of rock destruction dynamics and the advancement of open-pit mining technologies.

Prospects for Industrial Extraction of Methane from Coal Seams in the Karaganda Basin: Results of Experimental-Industrial Studies at the Taldykuduk Site

R.A. Mussin, D.R. Akhmatnurov, N.M. Zamaliyev, N.E. Issina — Thu, 08 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study focuses on assessing the industrial potential of coalbed methane production in the Karaganda Basin based on drilling and testing data from wells T7 and T8 at the Taldykuduk site. The goal is to develop and verify engineering solutions, ensuring efficient methane extraction from unstressed seams under real geological and technical conditions. The research object is the coal seams of the Karaganda suite, characterized by high gas content, developed fracturing, and heterogeneous reservoir structure. Vertical wells were drilled with local enlargement of productive intervals, zone isolation using packers, and controlled hydraulic stimulation. A set of geophysical surveys was conducted, including gamma, density, and neutron logs, caliper logging, inclinometry, gas-geochemical monitoring, and flow tests, to determine reservoir pressure and permeability. Laboratory analyses of core and coal samples examined adsorption–desorption properties, elemental composition, and formation water characteristics, enabling the selection of optimal reagents and gas treatment schemes. Stable methane inflows up to 30 m³/day were obtained under steady depression without water inflow, confirming readiness for pilot-industrial operation. After hydraulic stimulation and optimization of well regimes, an increase in gas flow rate was recorded, confirming the efficiency of reservoir stimulation. Based on pressure and flow curves, technological parameters were defined — perforation intervals, hydraulic treatment conditions, and requirements for gas collection, dehydration, and compression systems. The practical significance of the study lies in substantiating a technological scheme for industrial methane extraction and reducing methane hazards during mining. Implementation of the proposed approach will enable integration of extracted gas into the regional energy balance and reduce uncontrolled methane emissions, providing environmental and economic benefits.

Effect of Chromium on Phase Formation of Intermetallic Aluminum Alloys in the Al-Fe-Si System

V.A. Andreyachshenko, A.R. Toleuova — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article explores the prospects for the development of Kazakhstan's aluminum industry, with a focus on the application of additive manufacturing technologies for the synthesis of chromium-alloyed composite aluminum alloys in the Al-Fe-Si system. A comprehensive metallographic and thermodynamic analysis of the phase composition of alloys synthesized by consumable electrode surfacing was carried out. The use of Thermo-Calc software enabled the construction of polythermal sections and the assessment of the influence of alloying element concentrations on the formation of intermetallic phases, including Al₁₃Fe₄ (θ-phase) and Al₈Fe₂Si. The optimal chromium alloying conditions were substantiated, ensuring reduced brittleness and improved mechanical properties through the formation of a fine-grained structure, stabilization of the phase composition, and removal of large primary dendrites. The obtained results confirm the potential of chromium alloying as an effective approach in developing intermetallic aluminum alloys with the desired properties. The study's results contribute to the advancement of technologies for producing aluminum alloys with enhanced performance characteristics, thereby expanding the potential for industrial applications of additive manufacturing methods.

Mineralogical features and optimization of combined beneficiation flowsheets for refractory gold-bearing ores of the Pakrut deposit (Central Tajikistan)

Kh.I. Kholov, Sh.R. Juraqulov, Sh.R. Samihzoda, H.A. Mahmudov — Mon, 05 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Against the backdrop of depleted rich deposits and the increasing proportion of refractory gold-bearing ores, improving their processing methods has become an urgent task. This work presents the results of a comprehensive study of gold-bearing ores from the Pakrut deposit, located in Central Tajikistan's Zeravshan–Gissar zone. Mineralogical analysis established that the principal gold carriers are pyrite and arsenopyrite, with the metal predominantly localized as fine inclusions and fracture-related accumulations. A notable fraction of gold occurs as free particles (17.03%); however, the dominant share is fracture-bound (62.41%) and is predominantly associated with arsenopyrite. This distribution explains the limited efficiency of single-stage treatment and substantiates the need for combined unlocking and recovery routes. Physicochemical studies confirmed the ores' refractory nature, attributed to the fine dissemination of gold within the sulfide matrix, combined with high hardness and abrasiveness. At the laboratory scale, various beneficiation flowsheets were tested, including direct cyanidation; flotation combined with additional leaching of tailings; and variants incorporating gravity separation. A comparative analysis showed that the highest gold recovery rate (92.23%) was achieved by the flowsheet involving cyanidation, followed by tailings leaching and flotation. Although direct cyanidation also demonstrated a high recovery rate (90.05%), it was less effective. The flotation–cyanidation and gravity–flotation schemes yielded comparatively lower performance. The obtained data confirm the effectiveness of an integrated approach to processing the refractory ores from the Pakrut deposit. Optimizing the beneficiation flowsheet enables a significant increase in precious metal recovery, reduces technological losses, and minimizes environmental risks associated with the accumulation of arsenic-bearing waste.

Technological and operational properties of composite magnesia binders

О.А. Miryuk, L.V. Gorshkova — Fri, 09 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The article presents the results of studies of magnesia binders of various material compositions. The purpose of the work is to study the technological and operational properties of composite magnesia binders containing metallurgical slag and magnetite ore. Solutions of magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate, as well as a mixture of them, were used to seal magnesia binders. The technological properties of magnesia binders were evaluated by the consumption of saline solution, consistency, and viscosity changes of the suspensions. To determine the operational quality of composite binders, indicators of density, strength, water absorption and water resistance were used. The dependences of the rheological properties of suspensions on the composition of the dispersed phase and the type of saline solution are revealed. The operational advantages of composite magnesia binders have been established and substantiated: increased density, lower water absorption, increased water resistance and comparable strength compared with caustic magnesite. The directions of using the developed magnesia-slag and magnesia-magnetite binders are proposed. The research results are aimed at developing resource-saving technologies for magnesia binders and concretes.

Development of technology for obtaining high-purity sodium chloride with induced impurity removal and process modeling

D.A. Urazkeldiyeva, A.A. Kadirbayeva — Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

High-purity NaCl is required for chemical processes. Halite from the South Kazakhstan Bakhyt Tany deposit contains CaSO₄ and Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ that degrade quality and operability. The article presents statistical processing and modeling of impurity deposition with phosphate ions using an automated calculation process. A stoichiometric amount of Na₃PO₄ was added to the NaCl 315 mol/dm³ brine, stirred for 25-30 minutes, precipitated for 30 minutes, and filtered. Sulfate was quantified by barium-sulfate turbidimetry; residual Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ in the filtrate was measured titrimetrically. The Excel 2000 workbook performs coefficient estimation, significance testing, model adequacy testing, and error analysis. Response optimisation is also carried out through protected input fields. The resulting second-order models are adequate within the studied range of factors, reflect significant main effects and interactions, and predict optimal process modes, which have been confirmed experimentally. Under optimized conditions, removal reached 99.9% for Ca²⁺ and 99.8% for Mg²⁺. Sulfate ions remained at trace levels in the NaCl product. The framework enables reproducible parameter selection and provides a basis for integrating near-zero-waste handling of co-products in subsequent process design.

Activation of the mineralized mass of Central Kyzylkum using acidic wastewater from the oil and fat industry: Freundlich-based adsorption kinetics for fluorine release

S.S. Achilova, N.K. Saparbaeva, A.A. Matmuratov, N.D. Rustamova, O.Q. Karimboyev — Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the simultaneous utilization of mineralized mass (MM) from Central Kyzylkum phosphorite waste and acidic wastewater (AWW) from the soapstock processing industry for efficient fluoride removal. The MM was chemically activated by AWW under controlled conditions, leading to surface modification, increased porosity, and enhanced active site heterogeneity. The chemical interaction between H⁺ ions from AWW and fluorapatite in MM resulted in ion exchange, dissolution of phosphate groups, and the formation of volatile HF. Adsorption experiments were conducted at various MM: AWW ratios to determine the optimal operating parameters. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model, confirming multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces. Kinetic analysis indicated that the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model provided the best fit, suggesting that chemisorption is the dominant rate-limiting mechanism. The Weber–Morris intra-particle diffusion model revealed that pore diffusion contributes to fluoride uptake but is not the sole controlling step. The synergy between isotherm and kinetic results supports a two-stage adsorption process involving rapid surface chemisorption followed by slower intraparticle diffusion. The developed method offers a dual environmental benefit by valorizing two industrial waste streams and reducing their ecological footprint. The produced sorbent showed high fluoride removal efficiency under simulated operational conditions. The process is simple, cost-effective, and compatible with existing industrial infrastructures. Large-scale application has the potential to reduce operational costs and promote circular economy principles. These findings provide a sustainable approach to water treatment in fluoride-affected regions while addressing industrial waste management challenges.

Sigmoid Neutralization Response of Acidic Soapstock Waste by Mineralized Phosphorite Residues: A 4-Parameter Logistic Approach

S.X. Shamuratov, U.S. Baltayev, U.K. Alimov, M.E. Jabbarov, A.E. Madaminov — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the neutralization behavior of an acidic wastewater (AWW)–mineralized mass (MM) system at mass ratios ranging from 100:10 to 100:40, processed at 333 K for 30 min. The evolution of pH as a function of MM dosage and the corresponding CaO content (%) in the solid phase were quantitatively evaluated. The solution pH increased sigmoidally from 4.10 to 7.30, while the CaO content rose from 23.92% to 36.96%, approaching a saturation plateau at higher MM dosages. The pH–dose relationship was described using four-parameter logistic (4PL), Gompertz, and Weibull models, all showing a high goodness of fit (R² ≥ 0.97). Model comparison based on AICc and BIC criteria indicated that the Gompertz model provided the best statistical performance, whereas the 4PL model ensured clearer physicochemical interpretability. A strong positive correlation between pH and CaO content was established (Pearson r = 0.9649, n = 7, p < 0.001), enabling estimation of CaO content from pH values. Numerical inversion of the 4PL model combined with a multi-model ensemble approach was used to determine optimal MM dosages for target pH levels. The recommended operating conditions were identified as 100:32 for pH 6.5, 100:36 for pH 6.8, and 100:38 for pH 7.0, with a stabilization zone observed at 100:37–100:40.